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스터디/Nand 2 Tetris



1. Nand2Tetris

1.1. 9/26()


  • : 환, 혁, .

  • 티 한 향 :
    • : 3 + a(?)
      • : max 5 .
  • : ? // 1
  • : zp
  • : nand2Teris
  • : ppt 하 향.
  • :
    • 혁 ->.
    • 환 ->퓨 회 해 + 흥 ? .
    • -> 해.

  • 할 : chapter 0,1 .

1.2. 9/29()


1.2.1. 한


  • Chapter1
  • 트 함.
  • Nand gate primitive gate , 트 Not, And, Or, Xor, Mux, Demux Nand .
  • Mux Demux , , Mux 해 큰 Mux 해 . , 4way Mux 2Way Mux 3 해 할 .
  • HDL Code

  • Not Gate


CHIP Not2 {

    IN  a;
    OUT out;

	PARTS:
	Nand(a = a, b = a, out = out);
}

  • And Gate


CHIP And {

    IN  a, b;
    OUT out;
	PARTS:

	Nand(a = a, b = b, out = x);
	Nand(a = x, b = x, out = out);
}

  • Or Gate


CHIP Or {

    IN  a, b;
    OUT out;

	PARTS:
	Nand(a = a, b = a, out = x1);
	Nand(a = b, b = b, out = x2);
	Nand(a = x1, b = x2, out = out);
}

  • Xor Gate


CHIP Xor {

    IN  a, b;
    OUT out;

	PARTS:
	Nand(a = a, b = a, out = nota);
	Nand(a = b, b = b, out = notb);
	Nand(a = nota, b = b, out = x1);
	Nand(a = a, b = notb, out = x2);
	Nand(a = x1, b = x2, out = out);
}

  • Mux


CHIP Mux {

    IN  a, b, s;
    OUT out;

	PARTS:
	Nand(a = s, b = s, out = nots);
	Nand(a = a, b = s, out = x1);
	Nand(a = b, b = nots, out = x2);
	Nand(a = x1, b = x2, out = out);
}

  • Mux 4way


CHIP Mux4way {

    IN  a[4], s[2];
    OUT out;

	PARTS:
	Nand(a = s[0], b = s[0], out = nots0);
	Nand(a = s[1], b = s[1], out = nots1);
	
	Nand(a = a[0], b = s[1], out = x0);
	Nand(a = a[1], b = nots1, out = x1);
	
	Nand(a = a[2], b = s[1], out = x2);
	Nand(a = a[3], b = nots1, out = x3);
	
	Nand(a = x0, b = x1, out = xx0);
	Nand(a = x2, b = x3, out = xx1);
	
	Nand(a = xx0, b = s[0], out = xxx0);
	Nand(a = xx1, b = nots0, out = xxx1);
	
	Nand(a = xxx0, b = xxx1, out = out);
}

  • Demux
    Demux 하 Mux 4way Demux 파 ㅡㅡ;

1.2.2. 해할


  • Chapter2 .

1.2.3.


  • , 행합. 학 행해 하, 할 . 환 혁형 행. 했 , 회 Nand 트 gate 하 해 황 했. , 회 ppt . 한 4way MUX , 해할.. 픕. -
  • 회 . 화 할 , 해 하. nand 해 nand . - 혁
  • 하 행했... 행 ...하 . 회 ... 한 훝 할. - 환

1.3. 10/6()


1.3.1.


  • half-adder, full-adder, 16bit-adder, incremental adder, ALU 해 하 하.

  • Half-Adder


CHIP HalfAdder {
    IN a, b;    // 1-bit inputs
    OUT sum,    // Right bit of a + b 
        carry;  // Left bit of a + b

    PARTS:
	And(a = a, b = b, out = carry);
	Xor(a = a, b = b, out = sum);	
    
}
  • Full-Adder


CHIP FullAdder{
    IN a, b, c;  // 1-bit inputs
    OUT sum,     // Right bit of a + b + c
        carry;   // Left bit of a + b + c
    PARTS:
    // Put you code here:
	Xor(a=a, b=b, out=s1);
	And(a=a, b=b, out=c1);
	Xor(a=s1, b=c, out=sum);
	And(a=s1, b=c, out=c2);
	Or(a=c1, b=c2, out=carry);
}

  • 16bit Adder


CHIP Add16 {
    IN a[16], b[16];
    OUT out[16];
	
	PARTS:
	FullAdder(a = a[0], b = b[0], c = false, sum = out[0], carry = c1);
	FullAdder(a = a[1], b = b[1], c = c1, sum = out[1], carry = c2);
	FullAdder(a = a[2], b = b[2], c = c2, sum = out[2], carry = c3);
	FullAdder(a = a[3], b = b[3], c = c3, sum = out[3], carry = c4);
	FullAdder(a = a[4], b = b[4], c = c4, sum = out[4], carry = c5);
	FullAdder(a = a[5], b = b[5], c = c5, sum = out[5], carry = c6);
	FullAdder(a = a[6], b = b[6], c = c6, sum = out[6], carry = c7);
	FullAdder(a = a[7], b = b[7], c = c7, sum = out[7], carry = c8);
	FullAdder(a = a[8], b = b[8], c = c8, sum = out[8], carry = c9);
	FullAdder(a = a[9], b = b[9], c = c9, sum = out[9], carry = c10);
	FullAdder(a = a[10], b = b[10], c = c10, sum = out[10], carry = c11);
	FullAdder(a = a[11], b = b[11], c = c11, sum = out[11], carry = c12);
	FullAdder(a = a[12], b = b[12], c = c12, sum = out[12], carry = c13);
	FullAdder(a = a[13], b = b[13], c = c13, sum = out[13], carry = c14);
	FullAdder(a = a[14], b = b[14], c = c14, sum = out[14], carry = c15);
	FullAdder(a = a[15], b = b[15], c = c15, sum = out[15], carry = c16);


}

  • Incremental




CHIP Inc16 {
    IN a[16];
    OUT out[16];

    PARTS:
	
	FullAdder(a = a[0], b = false, c = true, sum = out[0], carry = c1);
	FullAdder(a = a[1], b = false, c = c1, sum = out[1], carry = c2);
	FullAdder(a = a[2], b = false, c = c2, sum = out[2], carry = c3);
	FullAdder(a = a[3], b = false, c = c3, sum = out[3], carry = c4);
	FullAdder(a = a[4], b = false, c = c4, sum = out[4], carry = c5);
	FullAdder(a = a[5], b = false, c = c5, sum = out[5], carry = c6);
	FullAdder(a = a[6], b = false, c = c6, sum = out[6], carry = c7);
	FullAdder(a = a[7], b = false, c = c7, sum = out[7], carry = c8);
	FullAdder(a = a[8], b = false, c = c8, sum = out[8], carry = c9);
	FullAdder(a = a[9], b = false, c = c9, sum = out[9], carry = c10);
	FullAdder(a = a[10], b = false, c = c10, sum = out[10], carry = c11);
	FullAdder(a = a[11], b = false, c = c11, sum = out[11], carry = c12);
	FullAdder(a = a[12], b = false, c = c12, sum = out[12], carry = c13);
	FullAdder(a = a[13], b = false, c = c13, sum = out[13], carry = c14);
	FullAdder(a = a[14], b = false, c = c14, sum = out[14], carry = c15);
	FullAdder(a = a[15], b = false, c = c15, sum = out[15], carry = c16);
}

  • ALU

1.3.2. 해

  • chapter 3 해.

1.3.3.

  • CPU .. ㅋㅋ -태
  • ALU . ( ) 할 . - 환
  • 한 해 해. -

1.4. 11/3()


1.4.1.

  • Chapter 4
  • Hack Machine language 해 해 .
    D - data, A - address, M - memory
    e.g. A - 32, M M32. M 할 , A memory address
    2 Instruction 한. Instruction 2Byte.
  • A-Instruction : @value // Where value is either a non-negative decimal number or a symbol referring to such number.
    Binary : 0vvv vvvv vvvv vvvv
  • C-Instruction : dest=comp;jump // Either the dest or jump fields may be empty.
    // If dest is empty, the "=" is omitted;
    // if jump is empty, the ";" is omitted;

    • { comp }{dest }{jump}
    Binary : 111a c1c2c3c4 c5c6d1d2 d3j1j2j3

  • A-instruction 하, value A .
    A M , 할 하, D 할 함.

  • Chapter4
  • PPT

1.4.2.



  • 1 ~ 100 하 ()
     0	@100
1	M=1
2	@150
3	M=0
4	@100
5	D=M
6	@100
7	D=D-A
8	@18
9	D;JGT
10	@100
11	D=M
12	@150
13	M=D+M
14	@100
15	M=M+1
16	@4
17	0;JMP
18	@18
19	0;JMP
  • ()
    //Memory[10] = A
//Memory[11] = B
//Memory[12] = Dest

0	@20
1	D=A
2	@10
3	M=D
4	@20
5	D=A
6	@11
7	M=D
8	@12
9	M=0
10	@11
11	D=M
12	@22
13	D;JEQ
14	@10
15	D=M
16	@12
17	M=D+M
18	@11
19	M=M-1
20	@10
21	0;JMP
22	@22
23	0;JMP
  • (환)
img.png
[PNG image (303.11 KB)]


  • I/O Handling, ()(BLACK 하 화 , WHITE 하 화 )
    
0	@24576
1	D=M
2	@0
3	D;JEQ
4	@66
5	D=D-A
6	@1000
7	D;JEQ
8	@24576
9	D=M
10	@87
11	D=D-A
12	@2000
13	D;JEQ
14	@0
15	0;JMP

1000	@24576
1001	D=M
1002	@1000
1003	D;JEQ
1004	@76
1005	D=D-A
1006	@0
1007	D;JNE
1008	@24576
1009	D=M
1010	@1008
1011	D;JEQ
1012	@65
1013	D=D-A
1014	@0
1015	D;JNE
1016	@24576
1017	D=M
1018	@1016
1019	D;JEQ
1020	@67
1021	D=D-A
1022	@0
1023	D;JNE
1024	@24576
1025	D=M
1026	@1024
1027	D;JEQ
1028	@75
1029	D=D-A
1030	@0
1031	D;JNE
1032	@24555
1033	M=-1
1034	@0
1035	0;JMP

2000	@24576
2001	D=M
2002	@2000
2003	D;JEQ
2004	@72
2005	D=D-A
2006	@0
2007	D;JNE
2008	@24576
2009	D=M
2010	@2008
2011	D;JEQ
2012	@73
2013	D=D-A
2014	@0
2015	D;JNE
2016	@24576
2017	D=M
2018	@2016
2019	D;JEQ
2020	@84
2021	D=D-A
2022	@0
2023	D;JNE
2024	@24576
2025	D=M
2026	@2024
2027	D;JEQ
2028	@69
2029	D=D-A
2030	@0
2031	D;JNE
2032	@24555
2033	M=0
2034	@0
2035	0;JMP
  • I/O Handling, (환)(BLACK 하 화 , WHITE 하 화 )

sample.png
[PNG image (300.59 KB)]




1.4.3.


  • MIPS 하 하 행했, MIPS 하했. Symbol 하( Cpu emulator 해 ), 2~3 하 하 황 하 하 했. I/O Handling 키 해하 해 했, . "High-Level Language 한?" . , 퓨 . 1/3 행했, 획 12 1/2 행할 . 히 행해 하 . -

1.4.4. 해할


  • Chapter 5 .

1.5. 11/17()


1.5.1.


  • Von Neumann machine (circa 1940)

    Memory (data + instruction) + CPU(ALU + Registers + Control) + Input device & Output device


    트 (Nand 해) 하, Combinational Chip Sequential Chip 했. 한 합 Computer Architecture .


  • The Hack Computer

    A 16-bit Von Neumann platform
    The instruction memory and the data memory are physically separate
    Screen: 512 rows by 256 columns, black and white
    Keyboard: standard

  • Instruction memory(ROM)

    ROM .
    ROM 항 16bit .

    instruction = ROM32Kaddress

  • Memory(RAM)
    Data memory


    k = address
    out = RAMk


    • k = address
    x = in
    load = 1
    RAMk = x

    Screen(memory map)

    Screen 한 RAM 할해. Screen 한 . CPU Screen

    Keyboard(memory map)
    Keyboard 한 RAM 할해. Keyboard 한 . CPU key 확.

  • CPU
  • Computer ( logic )

    한 architecture .
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